Fundamental Frequency Modulation in Singing Voice Synthesis

A model is presented for the analysis and synthesis of low frequency human-like pitch deviation, as a replacement for existing modulation techniques in singing voice synthesis systems. Fundamental frequency (f0) measurements are taken from vocalists producing a selected range of utterances without vibrato and trends in the data are observed. A probabilistic function that provides natural sounding low frequency f0 modulation to synthesized singing voices is presented and the perceptual relevance is evaluated with subjective listening tests.